Periodontal health in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis

Abstract

Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to evaluate periodontal health status of the hemodialysis (HD) patients and to examine the relation between Russel periodontal index (RPI) and laboratory and inflammatory markers and nutritional status in this group of patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a group of patients (n=43, mean age 51.4±14.9 years) recruited from the Mansoura university Nephrology and Dialysis Unit (MNDU). Periodontal examination was performed using Russel periodontal index (RPI). Various laboratory and inflammatory markers were recorded, including routine biochemical and hematological data as well as serum parathyroid hormone, ferritin, and highly sensitive CRP; and nutritional status was evaluated using malnutrition inflammation score (MIS). Results: Periodontitis was frequent in the studied patients where the mean RPI was 3.12±1.55. There was a statistically significant positive association between periodontitis and patients’ ages (p=0.006). Furthermore, a significant positive association between periodontitis and body mass index (BMI) was detected (p=0.006), but not with serum levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (p=0.32) neither with MIS (p=0.17). No relation was found between periodontitis and the different laboratory parameters such as calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone. Conclusion: Periodontitis is highly prevalent in HD patients, especially in older patients, and more severe in obese individuals but not related to markers of inflammation or malnutrition.