Performance Optimization of a Locally Developed Charcoal Briquette Machine Using Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

This study focuses on optimizing the performance of a charcoal briquette machine using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Charcoal briquettes represent a sustainable energy alternative with significant potential for addressing energy challenges, particularly in developing regions. A custom-designed screw extruder briquetting machine was fabricated and evaluated under varying operational parameters. Using Central Composite Design, the research investigated the influence of machine speed (50-200 RPM), die diameter (30-50 mm), and compression pressure (15-30 MPa) on machine efficiency and throughput. Analysis of variance revealed that machine speed significantly affected both performance metrics, while the interaction between speed and compression pressure proved significant for machine efficiency. The quadratic models developed demonstrated high predictive capability with R² values of 0.9601 and 0.9548 for efficiency and throughput, respectively. Finite Element Analysis validated the structural integrity of the machine design under operational stresses. Optimal operating conditions were identified at 79.46 RPM machine speed, 41.88 mm die diameter, and 20.62 MPa compression pressure, yielding 84.75% efficiency and 235.77 kg/hr throughput. These findings provide valuable insights into the design and operation of briquetting machinery, contributing to the advancement of sustainable biomass utilization technologies.