article · Plants
Four bacterial strains isolated from soil were evaluated for their plant-growth-promoting characteristics and their effects on tomato cultivation. The identified strains, Streptomyces cinereoruber P6-4, Priestia megaterium P12, Rossellomorea aquimaris P22-2, and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida P24, demonstrated inorganic phosphate solubilisation, indole acetic acid production, and siderophore secretion in laboratory tests. When applied alongside rock phosphate to tomato plants in greenhouse trials, the bacteria significantly enhanced plant growth parameters and phosphorus uptake compared to rock phosphate controls alone. Priestia megaterium P12 and Rossellomorea aquimaris P22-2 yielded the highest improvements in plant height, leaf count, root length, leaf area, and total plant phosphorus accumulation at forty-five days after treatment. Overall, these rhizobacteria improved tomato vegetative development by enhancing nutrient availability.
Excessive reliance on synthetic chemical fertilisers increases agricultural production costs and damages surrounding ecosystems. Identifying naturally occurring soil bacteria that unlock essential nutrients like phosphorus offers an eco-friendly alternative. Demonstrating that specific bacterial strains can enhance crop development provides a biological method to maintain healthy plant yields while lessening the environmental footprint of farming.
This work demonstrates an applied, greenhouse-tested biological approach relevant to biofertiliser manufacturers and agricultural input suppliers. The bacterial strains, particularly Priestia megaterium P12 and Rossellomorea aquimaris P22-2, could enable microbial inoculants designed to enhance rock phosphate efficiency in tomato production. As testing has taken place in controlled greenhouse settings, the technology represents applied-stage research that requires further validation under open-field conditions before reaching commercial use.
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The plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in the rhizosphere affect plant growth, health, and productivity, as well as soil-nutrient contents. They are considered a green and eco-friendly technology that will reduce chemical-fertilizer usage, thereby reducing production costs and protecting the environment. Out of 58 bacterial strains isolated in Qassim, Saudi Arabia, four strains were identified by the 16S rRNA as the <i>Streptomyces cinereoruber</i> strain P6-4, <i>Priestia megaterium</i> strain P12, <i>Rossellomorea aquimaris</i> strain P22-2, and <i>Pseudomonas plecoglossicida</i> strain P24. The plant-growth-promoting (PGP) features of the identified bacteria involving inorganic phosphate (P) solubilization, the production of indole acetic acid (IAA), and siderophore secretion were assessed in vitro. Regarding the P solubilization, the previous strains' efficacy reached 37.71%, 52.84%, 94.31%, and 64.20%, respectively. The strains produced considerable amounts of IAA (69.82, 251.70, 236.57, and 101.94 µg/mL) after 4 days of incubation at 30 °C. Furthermore, the rates of siderophore production reached 35.51, 26.37, 26.37, and 23.84 psu, respectively, in the same strains. The application of the selected strains in the presence of rock phosphate (RP) with tomato plants under greenhouse conditions was evaluated. The plant growth and P-uptake traits positively and significantly increased in response to all the bacterial treatments, except for some traits, such as plant height, number of leaves, and leaf DM at 21 DAT, compared to the negative control (rock phosphate, T2). Notably, the <i>P. megaterium</i> strain P12 (T4), followed by <i>R. aquimaris</i> strain P22-2 (T5), revealed the best values related to plant height (at 45 DAT), number of leaves per plant (at 45 DAT), root length, leaf area, leaf-P uptake, stem P uptake, and total plant P uptake compared to the rock phosphate. The first two components of the PCA (principal component analysis) represented 71.99% (PCA1 = 50.81% and PCA2 = 21.18%) of the variation at 45 DAT. Finally, the PGPR improved the vegetative-growth traits of the tomato plants through P solubilization, IAA, and siderophore production, and ameliorated the availability of nutrients. Thus, applying in PGPR in sustainable agriculture will potentially reduce production costs and protect the environment from contamination by chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
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DOI: 10.3390/plants12081588
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