Perceptions on medication adherence among the elderly and the youth with hypertension in the Sunyani municipality, Ghana

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is considered to be a global health problem affecting people of all age groups. Hypertension medication adherence is a major burden in the Sunyani Municipality. The study examined the perceptions of the youth and the elderly regarding hypertensive drug adherence. Method: The researchers conducted in-depth interviews among the elderly and the youth diagnosed with hypertension on medication adherence. A purposive sampling approach was used to select both the elderly and the youth diagnosed with hypertension. The researchers then conducted 28 in-depth interviews comprising 14 youth and 14 elderly who have been diagnosed with hypertension on medication adherence. The data were transcribed, coded, arranged, and analysed to determine categories and themes. Results: The study indicated that both the young and elderly respondents regarded the main motives for medication adherence are to control hypertension and avoiding complications. Also, the most critical elements in adherence to medication concern trust in health care providers, family support, and positive consideration of the health benefits of the medicine, including stability of symptoms of hypertension and blood pressure. While both age groups valued the education support from health care providers, some youths preferred that this support be complemented with other online resources. Conclusion: Although hypertensive youth and elderly patients from Sunyani recognised the importance of adherence, both groups were adherent. Identification of age-specific adherence barriers and supportive relationships may strengthen adherence, especially among younger patients. There is a great likelihood that benefits arising from tailored interventions on adherence may improve long-term health outcomes across age groups.