review · World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
This review summarises current knowledge on pancreatic pseudocysts, which are encapsulated fluid collections with an inflammatory wall that develop at least four weeks after pancreatitis. Patients often present with non-specific abdominal pain. Diagnosis is typically confirmed using contrast-enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, with endoscopic ultrasound and fluid analysis used for diagnostic uncertainty. Pseudocysts can lead to complications such as haemorrhage, infection, or rupture. Management strategies, including endoscopic or surgical drainage, are determined by the presence of symptoms and complications like biliary or gastric outlet obstruction. The review discusses the evolution of definitions, diagnostic methods, and treatment approaches for this condition.
This review helps medical professionals understand the current best practices for identifying and treating pancreatic pseudocysts, a common complication of pancreatitis. Improved understanding of this condition can lead to more effective patient care and better health outcomes for those affected.
The abstract describes a review of an existing medical condition and its management, and does not indicate an application pathway for new products or services.
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A pancreatic pseudocyst is defined as an encapsulated fluid collection with a well-defined inflammatory wall with minimal or no necrosis. The diagnosis cannot be made prior to 4 wk after the onset of pancreatitis. The clinical presentation is often nonspecific, with abdominal pain being the most common symptom. If a diagnosis is suspected, contrast-enhanced computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging are performed to confirm the diagnosis and assess the characteristics of the pseudocyst. Endoscopic ultrasound with cyst fluid analysis can be performed in cases of diagnostic uncertainty. Pseudocyst of the pancreas can lead to complications such as hemorrhage, infection, and rupture. The management of pancreatic pseudocysts depends on the presence of symptoms and the development of complications, such as biliary or gastric outlet obstruction. Management options include endoscopic or surgical drainage. The aim of this review was to summarize the current literature on pancreatic pseudocysts and discuss the evolution of the definitions, diagnosis, and management of this condition.
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DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i7.1986
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