Optimization and Finite Element Analysis of Scraper Rings in Automotive Gasoline Internal Combustion Engines

Abstract

Automobile engines have evolved significantly over time, improving fuel economy, passenger comfort, and environmental impact. In Internal Combustion Engines, the piston ring is a crucial component, greatly influences overall engine performance. Advances in design, geometry, and materials have enhanced inertia forces and extended replacement intervals. Modern piston rings, often made from cast iron or steel alloys, are optimized to meet stringent functional requirements while reducing their number. This study aims to design a piston ring for a 1000 cc gasoline engine using two materials: Cast Iron (CI) and Steel Alloy. Utilizing 3D modeling software, the piston ring designs are evaluated through finite element analysis (FEA) to assess Von Mises stress and first principal strain. The results are analyzed to identify the optimal piston ring shape, employing numerical methods to predict the lifetime of these mechanical parts in the automotive industry.