article · Computers in Biology and Medicine
This study mathematically investigated the effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors, a glucose blockage therapeutic, on the dynamics of normal, tumour, and immune cell interactions in breast cancer. The model incorporated the asymptomatic nature of breast cancer using time delay. The research determined the conditions for the existence of a critical equilibrium point and derived its global stability using a Lyapunov function, indicating that timely administration of SGLT-2 inhibitors can eliminate tumour cells. Furthermore, optimal control strategies for these inhibitors were identified using Pontryagin's Minimum Principle to avoid side effects on normal cells. Results showed that if the inhibitor's ingestion rate equals its digestion rate, tumour cells could be completely eliminated within nine months without adverse effects.
Breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer deaths globally. This research explores a novel approach to treatment by targeting glucose, which is crucial for cancer progression. Mathematical modelling provides insights into how SGLT-2 inhibitors could be optimally used to eliminate tumours, potentially leading to more effective and less harmful treatment strategies.
This early-stage research, based on mathematical modelling, could inform the development of optimised treatment protocols for breast cancer using SGLT-2 inhibitors. It provides a theoretical framework for drug developers and oncologists to design future clinical trials, aiming to establish precise dosing and timing regimens that maximise tumour elimination while minimising adverse effects on healthy cells. The findings suggest a pathway for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of existing drugs.
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Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in the world, and it continues to have a significant impact on the total number of cancer deaths. Recently, oncology findings hint at the role of excessive glucose in cancer progression and immune cells' suppression. Sequel to this revelation is ongoing researches on possible inhibition of glucose flow into the tumor micro-environment as therapeutics for malignant treatment. In this study, the effect of glucose blockage therapeutics such as SGLT-2 inhibitors drug on the dynamics of normal, tumors and immune cells interaction is mathematically studied. The asymptomatic nature of the breast cancer is factored into the model using time delay. We first investigate the boundedness and non-negativity of the solution. The condition for existence of critical equilibrium point is determined, and its global stability conditions are derived using Lyapunov function. This revealed that a timely administration of the SGLT-2 inhibitors drug can eliminate tumor cells. Secondly, we determine the sufficient and necessary conditions for optimal control strategy of SGLT-2 inhibitors so as to avert side effects on normal cells using a Pontryagin's Minimum Principle. The results showed that if the ingestion rate of the inhibitor drug is equal to the digestion rate, the tumor cells can be completely eliminated within 9 months without side effects. The analytical results were numerically verified and the qualitative views of interacting cells dynamics is showcased.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107552
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