article · IET Generation Transmission & Distribution
An adaptive differential evolution algorithm offers a method for determining the optimal placement and sizing of thyristor-controlled series compensators while managing reactive power. The technique incorporates dynamic updating of scaling and penalty factors to improve the performance of multi-objective optimisation. When identifying candidate transmission lines for installation, the method excludes lines connecting two generating units, lines linked through transformers, and low-loss lines. The optimisation balances five objectives: cutting active and reactive power losses, improving voltage profiles, lowering equipment costs, and minimising the total number of installed units. Evaluations across normal and emergency operating conditions were conducted on standard IEEE nine-bus and thirty-bus test networks, as well as an actual power grid section in the Western Delta of Egypt. Across multiple operational scenarios, the approach demonstrates effective allocation of equipment to enhance overall electrical grid performance.
Maintaining stable voltage levels and limiting transmission losses are vital challenges for modern electricity networks. Installing flexible power control hardware can resolve these issues, but the equipment is costly. By calculating the exact optimal locations and sizes for these devices under regular and emergency states, transmission network operators can strengthen grid stability, minimise energy waste, and avoid unnecessary capital expenditure.
This method is directly applicable to electric utility companies and transmission system operators looking to optimise network investments and control grid congestion. Because the optimisation algorithm was validated using operational scenarios on an actual power network in Egypt, it sits at an applied and tested stage of development. Translating the work into industry use would require integrating the algorithm into commercial power system planning and network management software tools.
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This study presents an adaptive differential evolution (DE) algorithm to allocate the thyristor‐controlled series compensator (TCSC) incorporated with the reactive power management problem. In addition, a dynamic updating is applied for scaling and penalty factors to enhance the performance of the multi‐objective DE algorithm. During the selection of the best candidate lines for efficient allocation of TCSC devices, three situations are considered for excluded transmission lines. These situations are the lines connected between two generating units; lines connected through transformers and the lines of low losses. The considered multi‐objective function compromises between reducing power losses, improving voltage profile, reducing reactive power losses, reducing TCSC cost and reducing number of flexible alternating current transmission systems units. The optimal siting and sizing of TCSC is defined for normal and emergency operating conditions. The proposed procedure is employed for IEEE 9‐bus and IEEE 30‐bus test systems in addition to western delta network as a real part of the Egyptian network. Four case studies are considered for each test system to represent normal and abnormal operating conditions. Results clearly indicate the effectiveness of the adaptive DE algorithm to allocate perfectly the TCSC to enhance the system performance.
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DOI: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2016.0362
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