Open Retropubic Radical Prostatectomy: Experience in Cameroon

Abstract

<i>Introduction</i><i>:</i> Prostate cancer is a slow-growing hormone-dependent malignant tumor that can have negative impacts at short or long term. There are many treatment options for localized prostate cancer, but most of them are of limited access in sub-Saharan Africa. Open retropubic radical prostatectomy presents a challenge in terms of early diagnosis of prostate cancer. The aim of our study was to share our experience in the field and to report patient outcomes on short and medium term. <i>Methodology</i><i>:</i> Our study was retrospective, covering all patients who underwent open retropubic radical prostatectomy in the urology departments of Yaounde Central Hospital, Douala General Hospital, and Catholic Hospital of the Love of Our Lady in Douala over a 10-year period (2013-2023). We studied the progression of the disease and quality of life after surgery. This assessment was mainly carried out using validated self-administered questionnaires, the ICIQ (International Consultation Incontinence Questionnaire) for urinary incontinence and the IIEF 5 (International Index of Erectile Function) for erectile dysfunction. <i>Results</i><i>:</i> We selected five patients who had undergone Open Retropubic Radical Prostatectomy (ORRP). The average age was 62.8 years. Total PSA was the postoperative biologic follow-up parameter. One patient had received hormone therapy and salvage radiotherapy, while two others were in remission. In terms of lower urinary function, three patients had urinary incontinence (UI). All of these disorders were treated with appropriate perineal physiotherapy and an anticholinergic agent. In terms of erectile function, three patients had erectile dysfunction. Anastomotic site stenosis was found in three patients. <i>Conclusion</i><i>:</i> Surgical treatment of localized prostate cancer allows for cancer control and, in some cases, sexual and urinary function impairment is observed. We were thus able to evaluate the short- and medium-term cancer and functional outcomes in patients who underwent ORRP in two cities in Cameroon.