Odontometry and Crown Morphology of Maxillary and Mandibular Premolars in a sample of Egyptian Population

Abstract

Aim: This work was to study the odontometry and crown morphology of maxillary and mandibular premolars regarding to number of cusps, groove pattern and mesio-distal crown width and bucco-lingual crown thickness in a sample of Egyptian population.Materials and methods: 228 dental study casts were used to determine the occlusal morphology of maxillary and mandibular premolars. Number of cusps and groove pattern were determined. Mesio-distal crown width and bucco-lingual crown thickness of each individual tooth were measured using a digital caliper. Result: Regarding cusps’ number and groove pattern of maxillary premolars, maxillary first and second premolars showed prevalence of 2-cusp type with 97.4% and 96.5% respectively. As for the mandibular first premolar, showed prevalence of 2-cusp type with 98.2% and the mandibular second premolar showed prevalence of the 3-cusp type with 54.4 %. As for the groove pattern, both maxillary premolars showed straight shaped groove pattern with 100%. While mandibular first premolar showed prevalence of no groove pattern with 65.8% and mandibular second premolar Y groove shaped pattern with 57.9%. The mean mesio-distal crown width of maxillary first premolar was significantly higher than that of second premolar, while the mean bucco-lingual crown thickness of second premolar was significantly higher that of first premolar. Mandibular first premolar showed significantly lower mesio-distal as well as bucco-lingual crown measurements than that of second premolar.Conclusion: The morphological characteristics of maxillary and mandibular premolars in a sample of Egyptian population were consistent with those of other studies performed on different populations using similar methodology.