Nurse‐Led Interventions on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Management for Minority Ethnic Groups in World Health Organisation European Region: A Scoping Review

Abstract

AIM: To map the available evidence on nurse-led interventions on type 2 diabetes management for minority ethnic groups in the World Health Organisation (WHO) European region. BACKGROUND: Although research on nurse-led interventions for type 2 diabetes mellitus is well-established, the extent of nurse-led interventions for minority ethnic groups in the World Health Organisation (WHO) European region is not well explored. DESIGN: Scoping review design according to Joanna Briggs institute (JBI). METHODS: A systematic search of published English articles was carried out in 6 electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Sabinet, Scopus, EBSCO host) and 2 search engines (Google, Google Scholar). Population (minority ethnic groups with type 2 diabetes mellitus), Concept (nurse-led interventions), and Context (World Health Organisation European region) were used to define the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The three-step search strategy was used to find 322 eligible articles. The identified articles were imported into the Systematic Review Web app, Rayyan, in preparation for selection. The selection process involved the title and abstract initially followed by full text screening of potentially relevant papers. RESULTS: Fourteen (14) articles were included. Results showed minimal relevant publications per year between 2006 and 2018; an increase between 2019 and 2021 (n = 5), with a greater number from the UK (n = 7). Four studies were reviews, followed by quantitative (n = 4), qualitative (n = 4),and mixed methods (n = 2). The implemented nurse-led interventions included culturally sensitive (n = 5), Self-management (n = 3), community based enhanced care package (n = 2), psychological (n = 1), web and mHealth technologies (n = 1), Group-based diabetes education model (n = 1), Type 2 diabetes lifestyle (n = 1). CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that nurse-led interventions on type 2 diabetes management improve self-care knowledge, skills, and behaviour change. In addition, patients are empowered, and this improves non-pharmacological lifestyle change. Furthermore, it improves the knowledge and skills of nurses in type 2 diabetes management. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: This review will promote the development of culturally specific interventions for type 2 diabetes mellitus for ethnic minority groups in the United Kingdom. This will enhance proper care and improve the quality of life among the population affected. PATIENT AND PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Open Science Framework; https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.10/4D6Q9.