article · Frontiers in Materials
Steel alloys suffer severe degradation under harsh operating conditions, making corrosion inhibitors vital for material preservation. Two novel natural surfactants derived from soybean oil, designated CSM and CSD, were synthesised via a straightforward route to mitigate carbon steel sweet corrosion in carbon dioxide-saturated 3.5 percent sodium chloride solutions. Their structures were verified using physicochemical techniques and infrared spectroscopy before performance evaluation. Electrochemical testing showed that CSD achieved a corrosion protection capacity of 96.1 percent at a concentration of 150 parts per million. Polarisation tests identified both compounds as mixed-type inhibitors that hinder both anodic and cathodic reactions. Microscopic and surface analyses demonstrated that the molecules form a uniform protective film across the metal surface governed by the Langmuir adsorption model. Molecular-level simulations corroborated these experimental results, confirming the viability of these bio-derived surfactants.
Carbon steel components in industrial environments frequently suffer severe degradation from carbon dioxide-induced corrosion. By deriving high-performing inhibitors from soybean oil, this research demonstrates that renewable agricultural products can effectively shield industrial metals. Demonstrating that bio-based surfactants achieve over 96 percent protective efficiency provides an environmentally sound approach to managing equipment integrity and reducing costly industrial corrosion failures.
The findings could enable the development of bio-based corrosion inhibitor additives for carbon steel operating in sweet service environments, such as carbon dioxide-rich pipelines or industrial water systems. Chemical manufacturers and industrial operators seeking renewable alternatives to conventional toxic inhibitors represent the primary target users. As the findings are based entirely on laboratory synthesis, benchtop electrochemical testing, and computational modelling, the technology is at an applied, early-stage research level.
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Steel alloys are significant industrial substances, but they generally suffer severe corrosion under harsh conditions. Using inhibitors is an efficacious method to impede corrosion. So, in this study, two novel natural surfactants based on soybean oil have been synthesized by a facile route, namely, 1-(bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-1-oxooctadecan-9-yl sulfate 2-hydroxyethan-1-aminium (CSM) and–N-(C 2 H 4 -OH) 2 ; 1-(bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-1-oxooctadecan-9-yl sulfate bis(2-hydroxyethyl)aminium (CSD), and their chemical structures were elucidated by physical–chemical approaches, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and surface activity measurements. The inhibitive effect of natural surfactants (CSM and CSD) on the C-steel corrosion in CO 2 -saturated 3.5% NaCl has been estimated in this investigation by electrochemical and surface analyses including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), linear polarization resistance (LPR) corrosion rate, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and field-emission scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM/EDX) approaches. The EIS study reveals the value of R p augmented to an increase of 913.5 Ω cm 2 with a protection capacity of 96.1% at 150 ppm (CSD). The outcomes of PDP suggested that CSM and CSD are mixed-type inhibitors. XPS and FESEM/EDX analyses determined the protective film formation on a metal interface having undamaged surface morphology and more homogeneities in the occurrence of the surfactant. Moreover, the adsorption of natural surfactants on the metal substrate takes place based on the model of Langmuir isotherm. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were selected for attaining basic atomic/electronic-scale details about the prepared surfactants, which support the practical findings. This study is intended to investigate the protection of C-steel using sweet service conditions with green extract surfactants.
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DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2022.843438
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