article · Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
This research evaluates the protective properties of Atriplex halimus against kidney damage caused by cadmium exposure in Wistar rats. Cadmium is an environmental pollutant known to trigger oxidative stress and renal harm. An ethanolic extract of the plant, containing quantified amounts of polyphenols and flavonoids, was administered to rats alongside cadmium chloride over forty days. The extract countered cadmium-induced hyperglycaemia and improved key renal health indicators, including urea, creatinine, and uric acid. Furthermore, the treatment raised glutathione levels, demonstrating reduced oxidative stress, while histological examinations revealed reduced structural damage to kidney glomeruli and tubules. Overall, the findings indicate that Atriplex halimus extracts provide nephroprotection and could serve as a dietary supplement to counter the adverse effects of cadmium toxicity.
Cadmium is a widespread environmental pollutant that accumulates in the body and causes serious kidney damage through oxidative stress. Identifying natural plant extracts that can prevent or reduce this toxic damage offers accessible ways to safeguard renal health in communities and workers exposed to heavy metal contamination.
The research indicates potential applications in dietary supplements aimed at mitigating heavy metal toxicity in exposed populations. Likely users include nutraceutical manufacturers and healthcare product developers. Because the findings are currently limited to early-stage in vivo animal trials over forty days, significant further testing, safety profiling, and clinical evaluation will be necessary before any real-world commercial product can reach the market.
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ABSTRACT This study investigates the nephroprotective potential of Atriplex halimus against cadmium-induced renal toxicity in Wistar rats. Cadmium, a toxic environmental pollutant, induces oxidative stress and renal damage. The research evaluates the protective effects of ethanolic extracts of A. halimus, which are rich in polyphenols and flavonoids, through in vivo experiments. The total polyphenol content of the extract was 20.64±1.44μg GAE/mg E, and the flavonoid content was 19.28±0.43μg QE/mg E. Forty-two rats were divided into six groups and treated with cadmium chloride (8.8 mg/kg/day), A. halimus (400 or 600mg/kg/day), or a combination for 40 days. Biochemical assays indicated that A. halimus alleviated cadmium-induced hyperglycemia and improved renal markers such as urea, creatinine, and uric acid. Antioxidant analyses showed increased glutathione levels in treated rats, suggesting a reduction in oxidative stress. Histological examination confirmed less renal damage, with preservation of glomerular and tubular structures in the treatment groups. These findings suggest that A. halimus has potent nephroprotective properties, offering promise as a natural remedy for mitigating the harmful effects of cadmium exposure. This study supports its potential use in dietary supplementation for populations at risk of cadmium toxicity.
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DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-13510
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