article · Vascular
Venous malformations are common vascular conditions that frequently recur following clinical intervention. This multi-centre retrospective cohort study evaluated 98 patients across 288 treatment cases between 2005 and 2020 to compare the outcomes of surgical and non-surgical endovascular approaches. Outcomes including lesion size, symptoms, and recurrence were assessed over a mean follow-up period of roughly five years. Both approaches successfully reduced malformation size in more than 90 percent of cases and alleviated symptoms in over 75 percent. However, complete surgical removal and primary closure resulted in significantly lower recurrence rates compared to the rest of the cohort. Although non-surgical sclerotherapy carried a higher risk of long-term recurrence, it provides a less invasive option that allows for repeated procedures.
Venous malformations often cause persistent pain and swelling, yet finding durable treatments remains difficult. By tracking patient outcomes over several years, this research demonstrates that complete surgical removal offers the best defence against regrowth. It also clarifies that less invasive methods, while prone to higher recurrence, still serve as valuable alternatives when surgery is not feasible.
The findings inform clinical decision-making protocols and treatment pathways for vascular surgeons and interventional radiologists. As an applied clinical study assessing established surgical and endovascular procedures, the insights are directly actionable in hospital settings. However, the abstract does not indicate any product development pathway or commercial technology transfer opportunity.
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Background Venous malformations (VMs) are the most common type of vascular malformation. Recurrence after treatment remains a significant challenge in clinical management. Methods A multi-center retrospective cohort study was conducted on consecutive patients who received surgical or endovascular VM treatment from 2005 to 2020. The study aimed to compare treatment efficacy between surgical and non-surgical endovascular approaches. Post-treatment size, symptoms, and recurrence were evaluated more than 1 year after treatment. Results Ninety-eight patients with 288 VM treatment cases were included. The mean follow-up duration was 60.7 ± 42.4 months. Both surgical and non-surgical treatments showed size improvement and symptom improvement in more than 90% and 75% of the cohort, respectively. Regarding recurrence, patients who underwent total resection (26.5%; p < .001) and primary closure (44.6%; p = .04) had significantly lower recurrence rates among the whole cohort. Conclusion Where feasible, total resection is the ideal treatment modality. Sclerotherapy has a higher long-term recurrence rate but is a less invasive procedure that can be performed repeatedly.
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DOI: 10.1177/17085381251339249
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