Nanomaterials and Their Properties

Abstract

Distinguished from other categories of materials by having at least a single dimension between 1 and 100 nm, nanomaterials are a remarkable group of materials. By purposefully creating these nanoparticles, very large surface areas may be attained. In contrast to their bulk counterparts, they can display amazing catalytic, mechanical, optical, electrical along with magnetic characteristics. Tailoring the properties of nanomaterials to specific requirements is possible through precise control of size, shape, synthesis conditions, and suitable functionalization. The chapter discusses various methods for nanomaterial synthesis, encompassing both top-down and bottom-up approaches. The chapter explores the developments in nanomaterials in this context, with particular attention to fullerenes, graphene, carbon nanotubes, silicene, antimonene, MXenes, 2D MOF nanosheets, boron nitride nanosheets, layered double hydroxides, nanoporous materials, core-shell nanoparticles, and metal-based nanomaterials. Ultimately, this chapter offers a comprehensive overview of nanomaterials and their properties.