review · Plants
Healthy soils with diverse ecosystems and suitable physical properties are vital for human necessities such as food, fibre, and fuel. When soils degrade, productivity drops, necessitating restoration techniques to reverse these degradational processes. Nano-restoration presents an approach to return and sustain soil fertility, supporting broader food security objectives. Sustainable biological production of nanoparticles via plants and microbes forms a core component of this restoration pathway. Central to the process is the nanoparticle-plant-microbe nexus, which governs complex internal interactions affecting the bioavailability of nutrients, agrochemicals, and pollutants to cultivated crops. This nexus is influenced by multiple variables linked to soil health and restoration dynamics. While nano-restoration offers promising mechanisms to rehabilitate degraded agricultural lands, numerous technical questions regarding these interactions remain unresolved.
Degraded soils threaten global supplies of food, fibre, and fuel. Understanding how biological nanoparticles interact with plants and microbes offers an avenue for restoring depleted land. Clarifying how these interactions alter the availability of nutrients and pollutants helps establish scientific methods to rehabilitate degraded agricultural soils, safeguard food production, and reverse environmental damage.
The work points toward applications in sustainable soil rehabilitation, nutrient delivery, and pollutant management using green-synthesised nanoparticles from plants and microbes. Potential users include agricultural input producers, bio-fertiliser developers, and land restoration specialists. However, the abstract indicates this concept remains at an early review stage with open questions surrounding the complex interactions in the nanoparticle-plant-microbe nexus, meaning commercial and real-world deployment is still distant.
AI-generated from the published abstract. Always read the original work before citing.
Soil is a real treasure that humans cannot live without. Therefore, it is very important to sustain and conserve soils to guarantee food, fiber, fuel, and other human necessities. Healthy or high-quality soils that include adequate fertility, diverse ecosystems, and good physical properties are important to allow soil to produce healthy food in support of human health. When a soil suffers from degradation, the soil's productivity decreases. Soil restoration refers to the reversal of degradational processes. This study is a pictorial review on the nano-restoration of soil to return its fertility. Restoring soil fertility for zero hunger and restoration of degraded soils are also discussed. Sustainable production of nanoparticles using plants and microbes is part of the process of soil nano-restoration. The nexus of nanoparticle-plant-microbe (NPM) is a crucial issue for soil fertility. This nexus itself has several internal interactions or relationships, which control the bioavailability of nutrients, agrochemicals, or pollutants for cultivated plants. The NPM nexus is also controlled by many factors that are related to soil fertility and its restoration. This is the first photographic review on nano-restoration to return and sustain soil fertility. However, several additional open questions need to be answered and will be discussed in this work.
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DOI: 10.3390/plants11182392
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