Multiple resistance and influence of breeding sites on pyrethroid resistance in Aedes aegypti from Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Abstract

Abstract Background Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of Dengue fever in Burkina Faso, breeds in a variety of domestic and peri-domestic water holding containers. The influence of these water containers on the mosquitoes’ ability to survive exposure to chemical insecticides remains unclear. This study investigated the insecticide susceptibility profile of Aedes aegypti in relation to larval habitat types in three districts of Ouagadougou. Methods Adult females reared from larvae collected in “domestic containers” and “car tires” were exposed separately to papers impregnated with deltamethrin, pirimiphos-methyl, and bendiocarb to determine their susceptibility profiles. A subsample of mosquitoes per locality and container type was screened for the F1534C, V1016I and V410L kdr mutations involved in pyrethroid resistance. Results Mosquito population from the three localities showed high resistance to deltamethrin and pirimiphos-methyl and moderate resistance to bendiocarbe, with mortality rates ranging from 15% to 27%, 21% to 33% and 67% to 86%, respectively. Mosquitoes from the "domestic containers" were significantly more resistant to deltamethrin than those from tires (10% vs. 22%, p < 0.002). The frequency of the 1534C mutation was also significantly higher in the "domestic containers" compared to those from tires (0.88 vs. 0.76, p = 0.013).The other mutations 1016I and 410L, were reported with an overall frequency of 0.51 and 0.36, respectively. Conclusions These findings suggest that larval habitat type may influence both the level and mechanisms of resistance in Aedes aegypti. This has important implications for the design of targeted vector control strategies in dengue-endemic settings.