article · Heliyon
Silver, silver-titanium dioxide, and silver-selenium dioxide core-shell nanoparticles were synthesised using a green method based on Beta vulgaris extract. The resulting nanoparticles had a uniform spherical shape with an average size of approximately 25 nanometres. Laboratory assays showed that all synthesised particles, as well as the plant extract itself, displayed strong antioxidant activity through free radical scavenging. In an animal model of carrageenan-induced paw edema, the extract and the silver-selenium dioxide nanoparticles successfully reduced inflammation, although the selenium-containing particles exhibited lower hemocompatibility. Additionally, both the silver-titanium dioxide and silver-selenium dioxide formulations demonstrated potent antifungal action against the fungal pathogens Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotia sclerotium. These findings confirm the multi-functional biological properties of plant-derived nanocomposites for potential health and agricultural uses.
Conventional methods for producing nanoparticles frequently present environmental and toxicity issues. Utilising common plant extracts such as beetroot offers a sustainable and cleaner production route. Demonstrating that these green nanomaterials possess dual capabilities, combating fungal plant pathogens while also reducing inflammation, offers valuable directions for creating safer functional materials in farming and healthcare.
The reported results suggest potential uses in crop protection against fungal pathogens and in medicinal anti-inflammatory treatments. Target users would likely include agrochemical manufacturers and pharmaceutical researchers. The technology is currently in early-stage research, evaluated only in laboratory cultures and preliminary animal models, with safety factors such as hemocompatibility requiring further investigation before any practical deployment.
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Due to increasing concerns about environmental impact and toxicity, developing green and sustainable methods for nanoparticle synthesis is attracting significant interest. This work reports the successful green synthesis of silver (Ag), silver-titanium dioxide (Ag@TiO<sub>2</sub>), and silver-selenium dioxide (Ag@SeO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles (NPs) using <i>Beta vulgaris</i> L. extract. Characterization by XRD, SEM, TEM, and EDX confirmed the successful formation of uniformly distributed spherical NPs with controlled size (25 ± 4.9 nm) and desired elemental composition. All synthesized NPs and the <i>B</i>. <i>vulgaris</i> extract exhibited potent free radical scavenging activity, indicating significant antioxidant potential. However, Ag@SeO<sub>2</sub> displayed lower hemocompatibility compared to other NPs, while Ag@SeO<sub>2</sub> and the extract demonstrated reduced inflammation in a carrageenan-induced paw edema animal model. Interestingly, Ag@TiO<sub>2</sub> and Ag@SeO<sub>2</sub> exhibited strong antifungal activity against <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and <i>Sclerotia sclerotium</i>, as evidenced by TEM and FTIR analyses. Generally, the findings suggest that <i>B</i>. <i>vulgaris</i>-derived NPs possess diverse biological activities with potential applications in various fields such as medicine and agriculture. Ag@TiO<sub>2</sub> and Ag@SeO<sub>2</sub>, in particular, warrant further investigation for their potential as novel bioactive agents.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28359
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