Modelling the ecological dynamics of high-density larval breeding sites for vector control of Aedes sp. at Mont Ngafula, DR Congo

Abstract

Context and objective. Aedes sp mosquitoes are major vectors of chikungunya. Four epidemics have been reported in Kinshasa. The present study analyzes the bioecological factors influencing the larval density of breeding sites to reduce morbidity in Mont Ngafula. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2022, covering 400 households at 4 sites over two seasons. A total of 738 breeding sites were examined, and bioecological parameters such as dissolved oxygen (O₂), temperature (T°), conductivity (Cond), total dissolved solids (TDS) and turbidity were measured. Results. Ecological factors significantly influenced larval density: dissolved O₂ (p=0.038), T° (p=0.01), Cond (p<0.001), TDS (p<0.001) and turbidity (p<0.0001). A predictive equation was established: Y₁ = -0.050 + (0.156O₂) - (0.635Cond) - (0.633TDS) - (0.634Turbidity) - (0.278*T°). Conclusion. The identified bioecological parameters favor the proliferation of Aedes sp. This predictive model can guide targeted strategies to control larval density and prevent chikungunya epidemics at Mont Ngafula. Received: May 10th, 2024 Accepted: January 4th, 2025 https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aamed.v18i2.13