article · Materials Today Communications
TiAl composites reinforced with Ni/TiCN were fabricated via spark plasma sintering. The microstructure of the unreinforced TiAl (T) exhibited a dense γ-TiAl/α 2 -Ti 3 Al lamellar structure, while TNiTiCN composites exhibit in-situ formation of Ti 2 Ni and Ti 3 AlC 2 MAX-phase. Microhardness increased systematically with increasing TiCN addition, reaching a maximum of 434 HV 1.0 in TNi6TiCN composite, though with increased scatter due to particle agglomeration. Tribological results revealed that the TNi3TiCN composite exhibits the lowest coefficient of friction (0.186 ± 0.015) and wear rate (1.268 ± 0.35 × 10 -4 mm 3 /Nm). However, higher TiCN content induced clustering, leading to localised spallation and degraded wear resistance despite higher hardness.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2026.115604
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