Microstructural and Mechanical Characteristics of Low-Density Polyethylene Composites Reinforced with Pineapple Leaf Fibres

Abstract

This study investigates the enhanced mechanical properties of pineapple leaf fibre-reinforced polymer composites and their potential applications in sustainable industries. The objectives were to assess the impact of varying fibre compositions on the microstructural and mechanical properties of the composites. Extracted fibres from pineapple leaves were used as reinforcing materials in a low-density polyethylene matrix with varying mass fraction from 0 wt.% to 12 wt.%. Scanning Electron Microscopy were used to analyse the microstructure, and results reveal a dynamic relationship between fibre content and the composite's mechanical behaviours. Mechanical properties measured all exhibited significant improvements with increasing fibre content, reaching their peaks at 9 wt.% fibre content. These enhancements are attributed to the effective load-bearing capability of the fibres. Beyond this optimal point, a drastic reduction in mechanical properties was observed which might be due to fibre agglomeration and other challenges. Ductility, on the other hand, showed a decreasing trend with increasing fibre content, indicating a trade-off between fibre reinforcement and ductile behaviour. These results offer insightful information for modifying the mechanical characteristics of polymeric composites reinforced with pineapple leaf fibres for potential eco-friendly applications.