review · International Journal of Energy Research
Storing hydrogen in metals offers a safer alternative to conventional high-pressure gas storage by addressing challenges related to tank weight, safety, and material durability. Metal hydrides have emerged as an attractive solid-state option capable of operating near normal atmospheric pressure and ambient temperatures. They provide high volumetric storage density, reversible absorption and release, and structural stability. However, broad application still requires substantial experimental work to improve gravimetric and volumetric capacity, reaction thermodynamics, adsorption and desorption kinetics, and material lifespans. Additional engineering aspects, such as the regeneration of spent materials, pore structure optimisation, densification, and transient behaviour, also demand focused attention. A thorough grasp of the fundamental kinetics and thermodynamics governing how these materials absorb and release hydrogen remains critical to resolving current limitations and advancing practical solid-state storage systems.
Hydrogen provides clean energy, but storing it under high pressure poses severe safety and weight limitations. Storing hydrogen safely within solid metal hydrides at ambient conditions could transform how clean fuels are handled and transported. Overcoming existing material and thermodynamic constraints is essential to unlocking reliable, low-pressure hydrogen systems for broader sustainable energy infrastructure.
Metal hydrides could support low-pressure hydrogen storage applications, potentially serving developers of clean fuel storage systems and renewable energy technologies. However, the abstract indicates this technology is at an early research stage, as significant experimental advances in storage capacity, reaction kinetics, material lifecycles, and regeneration methods are still required before wide-scale deployment can be achieved.
AI-generated from the published abstract. Always read the original work before citing.
Storing hydrogen in metals has received much attention due to the advantages of this approach for safely storing. It is a promising method of storing hydrogen and eliminates the challenges associated with storing hydrogen gas at high pressure, which includes material durability, tank safety, and overall weight. Much work has been done for the past decade to bring this approach closer to wide‐scale application. However, much experimental research is needed to improve the volumetric and gravimetric capacity, hydrogen adsorption/desorption kinetics, material life cycle, and reaction thermodynamics of potential materials for hydrogen storage. Other important properties to consider are transient performance, the regeneration process of spent storage materials, effective adsorption temperature associated with activation energy, induced pore sizes in materials, increasing pore volume and surface area, and materials densification. In recent years, this solid‐state storage has progressed at conditions close to normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, with metal hydrides (MHs) emerging as a promising option. Their high storage density per unit volume, volume storage capabilities, and their ability to reverse the process while maintaining stability have qualified the MHs for low‐pressure storage and fulfilling the hydrogen storing requirements. However, understanding the principles of kinetics and thermodynamics is crucial for understanding the reactions of MHs as they absorb and release hydrogen. This review evaluates the current hydrogen storage methods, the different types of MHs, their thermodynamics and kinetics, as well as their applications and challenges. For the advancement of further research in this field of study, suggestions for future work and studies are also provided.
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DOI: 10.1155/er/6300225
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