Mathematical modeling and optimal control strategies of the typhoid transmission with cost-effectiveness analysis

Abstract

This paper presents the development of a sophisticated mathematical model aimed at optimizing the control of typhoid fever in Taiwan. The model incorporates key factors influencing transmission dynamics, including human interactions, exposure to contaminated sources, and the effectiveness of preventive measures. It is analyzed using optimal control theory and rigorous numerical simulations, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of various intervention strategies. The findings highlight that a combination of targeted sanitation measures and educational awareness campaigns constitutes the most effective approach to reducing disease spread. This work underscores the critical role of mathematical modeling as a decision-support tool for public health planning, providing data-driven insights to guide the prevention and control of typhoid fever.