Mapping and Evaluating the Impacts of flood in Nigeria Using Geospatial Techniques

Abstract

Flood has been identified as the most frequent of the global natural disasters, it is also a leading disaster in the number of individuals affected and its accompanying economic loss. In Nigeria, there has been repeated flood occurrences which has ensued in loss of lives and damage to property, ecosystem, biodiversity loss, damaged infrastructure and health impacts. Without proper intervention, achieving the United Nations Sustainable Goals 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities, may be far from reached in the giant of Africa. The growing population in the country coupled with its rapid urbanization emphasizes the need for flood mitigation strategies to reduce flood losses and make the SDG a reality. In the study, amongst other satellite data, LANDSAT 8 images were collected the data analysed. Trend analysis was also carried out to analyse the significance of the flood data. Our results highlighted the nature of flood in the rainy season and was also able to determine the extent of flood. Statistical analysis was carried out and results also was used to identify the dynamic nature of the flooded area calculated in hectares across the country. The outcome of this study will be useful for flood preparation and mitigation and is useful for policy makers and institutions.