Managing <i>Phytophthora fragariae</i> in Berries

Abstract

Abstract Phytophthora root rot is a serious disease affecting raspberry and other cane fruit crops, leading to root death and dieback of both floricans and primocanes. The primary cause is identified as Phytophthora fragariae var. rubi , a soilborne oomycete, that leads to plant death within 3 years of infection. First reported in Scotland in 1937, it spread to North America in the 1950s–60s. Major outbreaks in the UK from the mid-1970s onwards resulted in significant yield losses and the rapid decline of raspberry production in Scotland. The disease was known to be managed by fungicides like metalaxyl and fosetyl aluminium, with phosphonates enhancing plant resistance. Additionally, managing irrigation by avoiding overhead watering and monitoring water sources helps prevent pathogen spread, while certification schemes for nursery stocks ensure planting materials are free from the pathogen, further aiding in disease prevention. This case study synthesizes current knowledge about the pathogen and its effective management strategies, highlighting the importance of understanding the pathogen’s biology and infection mechanisms. Key management practices include using disease-free planting materials, appropriate soil management, resistant varieties, and biocontrol agents. The paper aims to provide a comprehensive framework for sustainable management of Phytophthora fragariae , serving as a valuable resource for researchers, agronomists, and growers Information © The Authors 2025