article · Nature Communications
This research investigates a low-crystalline iron oxide hydroxide nanoparticle anode as an alternative to carbon materials in supercapacitors, aiming to overcome the limitations of carbon's low capacitance in aqueous electrolytes. The nanoparticles demonstrated high capacitances of 1,066 and 716 F g⁻¹ at different mass loadings, alongside a rate capability retaining 74.6% of capacitance at 30 A g⁻¹. The material also exhibited excellent cycling stability, maintaining 91% of its capacitance after 10,000 cycles, attributed to a dominant capacitive charge-storage mechanism. An aqueous hybrid supercapacitor incorporating this anode showed stability over 450 hours and achieved an energy density of 104 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 1.27 kW kg⁻¹. A packaged device delivered gravimetric and volumetric energy densities of 33.14 Wh kg⁻¹ and 17.24 Wh l⁻¹, respectively.
Supercapacitors are vital for energy storage, offering rapid charging and discharging. Improving their energy density is crucial for wider adoption in various applications. This research presents a novel material that could significantly enhance supercapacitor performance, making them more efficient and suitable for demanding energy storage needs.
This is early-stage research focused on developing a new material for supercapacitor anodes. The findings could enable the creation of supercapacitors with higher energy density and improved stability, potentially benefiting manufacturers of energy storage devices. Such devices could find application in areas requiring quick power delivery and long cycle life, such as portable electronics, electric vehicles, or grid stabilisation. Further development and scaling would be needed to move towards real-world use.
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Carbon materials are generally preferred as anodes in supercapacitors; however, their low capacitance limits the attained energy density of supercapacitor devices with aqueous electrolytes. Here, we report a low-crystalline iron oxide hydroxide nanoparticle anode with comprehensive electrochemical performance at a wide potential window. The iron oxide hydroxide nanoparticles present capacitances of 1,066 and 716 F g<sup>-1</sup> at mass loadings of 1.6 and 9.1 mg cm<sup>-2</sup>, respectively, a rate capability with 74.6% of capacitance retention at 30 A g<sup>-1</sup>, and cycling stability retaining 91% of capacitance after 10,000 cycles. The performance is attributed to a dominant capacitive charge-storage mechanism. An aqueous hybrid supercapacitor based on the iron oxide hydroxide anode shows stability during float voltage test for 450 h and an energy density of 104 Wh kg<sup>-1</sup> at a power density of 1.27 kW kg<sup>-1</sup>. A packaged device delivers gravimetric and volumetric energy densities of 33.14 Wh kg<sup>-1</sup> and 17.24 Wh l<sup>-1</sup>, respectively.
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14264
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