Left anterior descending artery stenosis coexisting with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: Innocent bystander or underlying culprit?

Abstract

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy (TTC) is an acute heart disease, characterized by transient regional systolic dysfunction of the left ventricular typically affecting the apical segments. Initially thought to occur in the absence of significant coronary artery disease (CAD), this concept has evolved with increasing evidence of concurrent cases of TTC and significant CAD, presenting both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. A 65-year-old woman developed acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after emotional stress, presenting with apical ballooning and severe left ventricular dysfunction that fully resolved within a month, with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showing no late gadolinium enhancement. Coronary angiography revealed significant mid-left anterior descending (LAD) stenosis, leading to the hypothesis of apical Takotsubo cardiomyopathy coexisting with obstructive CAD in the LAD as an innocent bystander. While the coexistence of TTC and LAD stenosis has been reported, the simultaneous occurrence of these conditions presents a diagnostic dilemma. Accurate diagnosis requires a thorough assessment of the patient's clinical presentation and findings from multimodal imaging.