Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding pregnancy-related health problems among pregnant women in Tiznit, Morocco

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnancy-related complications remain a major public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where maternal health literacy may be limited. Adequate knowledge, positive attitudes and appropriate practices (KAP) during pregnancy are essential to prevent avoidable maternal and neonatal complications. This study assessed KAP regarding pregnancy-related health problems among pregnant women in Tiznit, Morocco, and explored associated socio-demographic and obstetric factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 27 April to 13 May 2025 among pregnant women attending antenatal consultations in public health facilities in Tiznit. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire assessing socio-demographic characteristics and KAP. Knowledge was scored from 0 to 10, with scores ≥5 classified as good knowledge. Attitudes and practices were considered positive/good when ≥50% of responses were favourable. Associations were analysed using χ² tests and multivariable logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Forty pregnant women participated. Most were aged 18–28 years (52.5%), lived in urban areas (80.0%), were housewives (92.5%) and had no formal education (42.5%). Good knowledge was observed in 25.0% of participants, whereas 75.0% demonstrated poor knowledge. In contrast, attitudes and practices were predominantly positive/ good (92.5%). Secondary education was independently associated with higher odds of good knowledge (adjusted OR 6.72; 95% CI 1.02–44.38). Conclusions: Poor maternal knowledge was common despite favourable attitudes and practices. Strengthening structured antenatal education, particularly for women with low educational attainment, is essential to improve maternal health literacy and prevent pregnancy-related complications.