Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding human papillomavirus vaccination among teenage girls with sickle cell disease at Usmanu Danfodiyo University teaching hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

Abstract

Background:Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) impairs immune function and increases susceptibility to infections such as Human Papillomavirus (HPV), a primary cause of cervical cancer.Both conditions pose major public health challenges in Nigeria, where overall HPV awareness and vaccine uptake remain low.This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding HPV vaccination among teenage girls with confirmed SCD in Sokoto State, aiming to inform targeted preventive strategies. Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto, involving 85 teenage girls with confirmed SCD.Data were collected using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire administered via ODK, and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics with Excel and Jamovi respectively. Results :The 85 participants (mean age 15.6 years) were predominantly of the HbSS phenotype (82%).They were mostly diagnosed before the age of five (93%) and managed with hydroxyurea (79%).HPV knowledge was poor: only 8% correctly linked HPV to cervical cancer or knew the correct vaccination age.While 96% feared cervical cancer, fewer than half considered the vaccine useful (47%) or safe (48%).Despite 54% expressing willingness, the overall vaccine uptake was low (12%).Significant associations were observed between KAP and variables including age, education, and history of painful SCD crisis. Conclusion:These findings reveal significant gaps in HPV vaccine knowledge and uptake among high-risk population.We recommend immediate, targeted awareness campaigns, government support, and the integration of HPV vaccination into routine SCD hospital care programs.