Knowledge, attitudes and practices of occupational safety among healthcare professionals at Dr. Sumait hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia

Abstract

Occupational safety is a fundamental concern in healthcare settings, where inadequate knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) can increase the risk of infection and other workplace hazards. This study aimed to assess the KAP of healthcare professionals at Dr. Sumait Hospital, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia, in order to identify strengths and areas requiring improvement in occupational safety practices. A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and February 2025 among 87 healthcare professionals. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that assessed demographic characteristics as well as participants’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to occupational safety. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 20. Overall, 74.71% of participants recognized occupational safety as a critical issue, and 88.51% acknowledged their responsibility for implementing safety measures. Knowledge of personal protective equipment (95.40%) and infection transmission (89.66%) was high, while awareness of healthcare waste segregation (71.26%) and post-exposure prophylaxis (73.60%) was comparatively lower. Attitude assessment showed strong support for safety precautions (96.55%) and mandatory vaccination (91.95%). However, only 58.62% of respondents reported the availability of infection prevention guidelines in their departments. In terms of practice, most participants adhered to hand hygiene (98.9%) and PPE use (98.9%); however, 74.7% reported recapping needles, which represents an unsafe practice. Despite generally high levels of knowledge and positive attitudes toward occupational safety, notable gaps in safety practices persist, particularly regarding needle handling and infection control. Targeted interventions, including enhanced training, reinforcement of safety policies, and improved access to infection prevention guidelines, are essential to strengthen workplace safety at Dr. Sumait Hospital.