Knowledge and practice of pelvic floor exercise among pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic

Abstract

Objectives To assess the knowledge and practice of pelvic floor muscle exercises (PFMEs) among pregnant women. Material and Methods This three-month cross-sectional study was carried out at the Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH) in Enugu, Nigeria, from January to March 2024. One hundred and four expectant mothers attending antenatal sessions at this centre were involved in the study. Utilising a self-structured questionnaire, data was gathered. A mean score of ≥2.5 was regarded as acceptable. Results The findings of the study indicated that 77.9% of the participants had a good knowledge of PFMEs. The majority (77.9%) perform PFMEs at home (88.9%), primarily utilising the Kegel pelvic floor exercise (91.3%). The primary factor influencing the use of PFMEs was found to be forgetfulness (2.81 ± 0.85). Knowledge, educational attainment and PFME practice were significantly correlated (p = 0.001; p = 0.041), respectively. Conclusion Pregnant mothers are well versed in PFME and actively implement it. However, the primary identified factor impacting the practice is forgetfulness. Knowledge and educational attainment had a positive effect on the application of PFMEs. Thus, the PFMEs programme should be incorporated into weekly prenatal sessions and girl education should be encouraged.