Isolating flavonoid derivatives from Asparagus aphyllus L. extract and their Cytotoxic against tumor cells

Abstract

This study used HPLC and real samples to quantify and identify the twenty-two phenolic acids that make up the phenolic pattern of Asparagus aphyllus. Using various chromatographic techniques, five flavonoid compounds—apigenin, quercetin, apigenin-4'-o-rhamnoside, quercitin-3'-o-rutinoside, and quercetin-7-methoxide—were extracted from the plant's aerial portions. The chromatographic methods of thin layer chromatography (TLC), paper chromatography (PC), and column chromatography (CC) are used to separate the flavonoid components. The structure elucidation of the pure compounds was done by different chemical and physical methods such as UV-spectrophotometer, 1H & 13C NMR. Using the MCF7 (breast carcinoma cell line) and HCT (colon carcinoma cell line), the cytotoxic activity of the plant's successive extracts (petroleum ether, chloroform, and 70% ethanol) was determined; the IC50 values varied. The highest activity was achieved by chloroform extract against breast carcinoma cell line (12.1 µg/ml), while ethanol extract (70%) had the most promising result at colon carcinoma cell line (16.2 µg/ml).