Irreversibility and flow characteristics of reactive Williamson fluid with variable thermal dependent properties under bimolecular kinetics and vertical channel convective cooling

Abstract

The major industrial and technological application of non-Newtonian fluid in everyday life has garnered the attention of scientists due to its high rate of energy transfer. Consequently, this study examines the effects of variable thermal dependent properties, wall gradient, Nusselt number, and entropy generation on reactive Williamson fluid under Bimolecular kinetics within convective boundary conditions. The nonlinear ordinary differential equations for energy and momentum are derived through appropriate similarity transformations. These dimensionless ODEs are then transformed into a system of first-order equations and numerically solved using the weighted residual technique couple with Galarkin approximation integration method. The key parameter's effects on the flow fields are analyzed and presented through figures and tables. The results show that the Grashof number, variable viscosity, pressure gradient, enhanced fluid motion, and the Brinkman number, activation energy with Frank-Kamenetskii parameter, influence thermal behavior through viscous heating, reaction rates, and temperature sensitivity.