Intergenerational and family learning in conflict zones and their influence on peacebuilding and reconciliation

Abstract

This study investigates how families in war-affected regions engage in intergenerational and family learning and adaptation, shaping their perspectives on reconciliation and peacebuilding. Using an interpretive case study approach, the research explores family narratives and coping strategies in North Wollo, Ethiopia, a region deeply affected by the Tigray People’s Liberation Front invasion. Data were gathered through focus group discussions with 40 participants and interviews with 20 individuals, analyzed using an inductive thematic approach. The findings indicate that: (1) families adopted both indigenous survival strategies and community-based support systems to cope with wartime hardships, including economic distress, displacement, and psychological trauma; (2) wartime discussions fostered a dual narrative—reinforcing the value of peace while also fueling resentment and a desire for retribution; (3) post-war reconciliation efforts were met with resistance, particularly among direct victims of violence, with deep-seated grievances complicating peace initiatives; and (4) parents transmitted war narratives to children in ways that may perpetuate intergenerational animosity, potentially obstructing future reconciliation efforts. These findings illustrate the significant role of family-level narratives in influencing local perceptions of conflict and suggest the need for targeted, community-based peace education in war-affected areas like North Wollo.