article · Discover Applied Sciences
Recent disease outbreaks such as malaria, cholera, Ebola, and SARS-CoV-2 highlight the need for faster, more effective diagnostic instruments in healthcare. Integrating microfluidic chips with biosensors offers significant performance gains over traditional biosensing platforms. These microfluidic systems enhance functionality by automating fluid handling, enabling effective mixing and separation, increasing throughput, and reliably transporting analytes to reaction sites. As a result, microfluidic biosensors deliver higher sensitivity, simplified operation, and the capacity to process very small sample volumes. Device efficacy is strongly influenced by fabrication materials and electrode designs, which can accelerate detection and shorten overall processing times at the point of care. Advanced developments also include the integration of cell-imprinted polymers with microfluidic sensors to further support rapid diagnostic needs.
Major outbreaks of infectious diseases require fast and accurate diagnostic tools to guide treatment and control transmission. Combining microfluidics with biosensors addresses existing healthcare bottlenecks by making diagnostics simpler to operate, quicker to deliver results, and capable of functioning with minimal patient sample sizes, which is vital for point-of-care testing in decentralised healthcare settings.
The integration of microfluidics with biosensors targets point-of-care diagnostic devices for healthcare providers dealing with infectious diseases such as Ebola, cholera, and malaria. By reducing required sample volumes and automating sample preparation, these systems could enable compact diagnostic instruments. Because this work is a review of fabrication materials, electrodes, and emerging techniques like cell-imprinted polymers, it reflects an early to intermediate stage of technological development rather than a finished commercial product.
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Abstract The potential threat posed by disease outbreaks to diagnostic instruments demands the development of more effective biosensor technologies to counteract the risks. Diseases like SARS-CoV-2, Ebola, malaria, cholera, and many more have demonstrated beyond the limits of health care that new advancements are required for early detection and diagnosis. The rising number of diseases outbreaks has led to an increasing demand for biosensors that are more effective and quicker to utilize in healthcare settings. A biosensor incorporated with microfluidic chips offers an improved detection compared to traditional or classical biosensors. Microfluidic chips improve the performance of the biosensors by allowing automation, mixing, separation, throughput processing, and transport of the analytes to desired reactors. A biosensor incorporated with a microfluidic chip has improved sensitivity, easy operation and can use small volumes of samples to process the results. The effectiveness of biosensors depends also on the materials used in its fabrication and there are many materials used for fabrication which are reviewed in this work. This paper reviews the potential advantages of the use of microfluidic chips to enhance the performance of biosensors, materials used to fabricate the chips, and potential electrodes incorporated into microfluidic chips which improve the detection time by shortening the processing time for biosensors at the point of care service. This work also reviews new technologies which are not previously addressed other reviews including, integration of cell-imprinted polymers with microfluidic sensors and delved into future technologies outlook.
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DOI: 10.1007/s42452-024-06103-w
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