Integrated remote sensing and field data for lithological mapping and calcite exploration in the Middle Atlas, Morocco

Abstract

This study focuses on the application of remote sensing techniques for litho-structural mapping and calcite index detection in the Middle Atlas of Morocco. The aim is to generate a detailed geological map to understand the distribution of calcite veins and their relationship with geological structures. We utilized Aster and Landsat-8 OLI imagery, spatially enhanced with SPOT 5 data, for lithological mapping. Calcite indices were calculated using [(B6*B9)/(B8*B8)] to identify potential areas of calcite mineralization. Lineaments were extracted from a digital elevation model and Landsat-8 OLI principal component analysis (PCA) to delineate structural features. Results show a successful discrimination of lithological units and a predominant NE-SW orientation of lineaments in the Mehdi and Serghina Ridges. This system is aligned with branches of the South Middle Atlas fault. The spatial correlation between calcite indices and lineaments suggests a strong litho-structural control on calcite mineralization in the study area. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of remote sensing in mineral exploration and provides valuable insights into the geological context of calcite occurrences in the Middle Atlas.