article · Engineering and Technology Journal
Increasing temperature in biomass pyrolysis reduces biochar yield while enhancing gas yield, with bio-oil yield peaking around 500-550°C. There is a notable trend indicating that biochar production increases when plastic waste generation surpasses a certain threshold. Depolymerization at varying temperatures and times is recognized as an effective method for disposing of polymeric waste. The paper investigates the effects of temperature and time on the quality of byproducts generated from the conversion of plastic waste, specifically focusing on liquid fuel characterization from samples obtained at the Ado-Ekiti central market dumpsite in southwest Nigeria, utilizing zeolite for depolymerization in a batch reactor. This process involves heating the waste in an inert atmosphere, which results in the formation of both condensable and non-condensable hydrocarbons, as well as biochar. The fuel analysis through proximate and ultimate methods indicates its viability as a fossil fuel substitute, with moisture content between 0.07% and 0.13% and high volatile matter of 96.02%, akin to diesel. The performance metrics reveal optimal gas generation at 470-490 ºC over 35-40 minutes, achieving efficiencies up to 90%. HDPE yields better gas rates than LDPE under similar conditions. In polypropylene pyrolysis, the best yield is 68-90% with specific heating parameters. Carbon content in diesel is 85.51%, while plastic-derived oils range from 80.02% to 83.72%. Plastic oils have a higher hydrogen content, and the pyrolysis oil exhibits varying densities, viscosities, and flash points, with cetane numbers averaging 40.00 to 47.0. The characterization results showed that the fuel samples closely match the properties of conventional diesel according to ASTM standards. The depolymerized polymeric waste is identified as sustainable and cost-effective to produce, making it a viable alternative fuel and a means for wealth generation from waste.
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DOI: 10.47191/etj/v10i10.30
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