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Impact of green technology and energy on green economic growth: role of FDI and globalization in G7 economies

202447 citationsOpen accessPort Said University

In plain language

Economic growth worldwide presents major environmental sustainability challenges, making green economic growth vital for sustainable and inclusive development. An analysis of the Group of Seven economies using data from 1995 to 2020 examines how green technology, green energy, foreign direct investment, and globalisation influence green economic growth over time. The findings show that green energy and foreign direct investment both have a positive effect on green economic growth across both the short run and the long run. In contrast, green technology positively enhances green economic growth only over the long run. Consequently, fostering sustainable economic development in these nations depends on establishing supportive policies that actively encourage green energy and green technology adoption alongside efforts to attract higher levels of foreign investment.

Key takeaways

  • Green energy positively contributes to green economic growth in both the short and long run across G7 countries.
  • Foreign direct investment supports green economic growth across both short-term and long-term horizons.
  • Green technology enhances green economic growth only over the long run.
  • Policy support for clean energy, green technology, and foreign investment is required to accelerate sustainable development.

Why it matters

Balancing economic expansion with environmental sustainability is a critical global priority. Understanding the distinct short-term and long-term effects of clean energy, sustainable technologies, and international capital helps policymakers design effective strategies. These findings demonstrate that while green energy and foreign investment yield immediate and lasting benefits, the economic returns from green technology require sustained, long-term commitment.

Commercialisation angle

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Abstract

Abstract With the increase in economic growth, the world is facing serious challenges concerning environmental sustainability. Hence, the green economic growth is imperative for sustainable and inclusive development. The objective of this study is to contribute to the existing literature about the factors that influence green economic growth. The study investigates the role of green technology, green energy, foreign direct investment, and globalization on green economic growth in G7 countries. The data of the study is collected from WDI, KOF Swiss Economic Institute, and OECD database and the data period ranges from 1995 to 2020. The existence of cointegration between the variables of the study was tested by Westerlund’s (Oxford Bull Econ Stat 69(6):709–748) cointegration test. Due to the presence of cross-sectional dependency, the study employed the cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) method to estimate the coefficients in the long and short run. The study also used a common correlated effect—mean group (CCEMG) estimator for robustness check. The findings of the study reveal that green energy and FDI positively contribute to green economic growth in the long and short run. The green technology also contributes positively to enhance green economic growth but only in long run. To accelerate green economic growth, G7 countries should incorporate policies promoting green energy and technology, while acquiring more foreign investments to ensure a sustainable development.

Research topics

  • Energy, Environment, Economic Growth
  • Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
  • Climate Change Policy and Economics

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DOI: 10.1186/s43093-024-00329-1

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