Impact and Management of Norovirus in United States: A Public Health Perspective

Abstract

Norovirus is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in the United States imposing a significant burden on public health and the economy. Its highly contagious nature and ability to persist in the environment make norovirus a persistent challenge in healthcare, educational, and food service settings. The lack of specific antiviral treatments or licensed vaccines complicates management efforts, leaving prevention strategies reliant on hygiene practices, food safety measures, and outbreak control protocols. Emerging research into vaccine development and novel mitigation approaches offers promise but remains in the early stages. This review synthesizes current knowledge on norovirus impact and management in the United States, emphasizing the need for enhanced surveillance, policy reforms, and public awareness to reduce its prevalence and mitigate future outbreaks.