Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae): Cultivation, diversity of biochemical composition, antimicrobial activities, active biomolecules and action mode-A review

Abstract

This study analyses the knowledge on the cultivation, diversity, and variation of phytochemical constituents of essential oils and crude extracts from Hypericum perforatum. Equally, we presented a detailed discussion of the antimicrobial activities against pathogens and viruses, and the implicated biomolecules. A complete and organized literature search was carried out in the basic databases. According to the reviewed papers, Hypericum perforatum contains considerable amounts of chemical constituents, including phenolic, flavonoid, and terpene compounds, which are diverse and variable depending on the geography of plants, parts used, and extraction methods. These chemical constituents demonstrated serious inhibitory effects against fungi, bacteria, and viruses.