Hydrogen Storage Potentials: Present and Future Prospects

Abstract

Hydrogen is a clean and sustainable energy source that has the potential to significantly lower carbon emissions worldwide and facilitate the switch to renewable energy sources. Meanwhile, one of the biggest obstacles to its broad use, is still sufficient hydrogen storage. This article provides a broad overview of hydrogen storage, tracing its historical development, exploring its diverse applications, examining technological advancements, addressing existing limitations, recent progress in reducing costs, and discussing the current state of the art in storage technologies, along with future directions for improvements in all forms of hydrogen storage methods. Therefore, this review highlights recent breakthroughs in hydrogen storage techniques, advances in cost reduction, and offers a step by step guide to designing next-generation functional hydrogen storage materials for improved performance, which are essential for both developed and developing hydrogen economies in cost reduction and better performance for hydrogen storage materials.