article · Journal of Food Quality
Half of surveyed households in rural Ethiopia experience food insecurity, according to national socioeconomic survey data covering 3,115 rural households across 316 clusters. Statistical analysis identified multiple household characteristics linked to food security status. Literacy of the household head, head age between 30 and 64 years, ownership of livestock, and operating a non-agricultural business significantly reduced the odds of food insecurity. Being affected by drought and having a dependency ratio between 50 and 75 per cent were also associated with lower odds of food insecurity in the model. In contrast, households receiving aid and those led by widowed, divorced, or separated individuals experienced higher levels of food insecurity. These findings highlight demographic and economic levers that could guide rural interventions, suggesting that poverty reduction initiatives should concentrate on adult education, livestock assets, self-help measures, and non-agricultural enterprise development.
Food insecurity remains a major challenge across rural communities. By identifying specific socio-economic drivers at a national scale, this research helps development agencies and policymakers design targeted interventions. Addressing factors such as adult literacy, livestock support, and non-farm enterprise development can assist programmes in directing resources to the most vulnerable households, including those led by single, widowed, or elderly individuals.
The abstract does not indicate a direct commercial application pathway, as it focuses on socio-economic survey analysis. However, development organisations, microfinance providers, and agricultural service ventures could use these findings to tailor services, such as livestock asset support and rural enterprise training, to vulnerable rural demographics. The evidence remains at the stage of early planning insights rather than a deployable commercial product.
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Introduction. Currently, Ethiopia, in particular, the rural areas of Ethiopia, faces high levels of food insecurity. In spite of the fact that there have been many studies on food security, most of them have been conducted in specific national settings. Hence, the determinants of food insecurity should be assessed at the national level. Therefore, this study was primarily aimed to identify the determinant factors of household food insecurity in rural Ethiopia. Method. A cross-sectional Ethiopian socioeconomic survey (ESS) data collected from September 2018 to August 2019 was utilized. A sample of 3115 households was selected from 316 clusters across rural Ethiopia using a two-stage probability sampling technique. To identify the determinants of food insecurity, logistic regression was applied. Results. Among 3,115 households, 50.05% of them were food insecure. Factors such as the household head being aged from 30 to 64 (AOR = 0.786, 95% CI: [0.635, 0.973]), widowed, divorced, or separated (AOR = 1.588, 95%CI: [1.001, 2.518]), literate (AOR = 0.702, 95%CI: [0.590, 0.834]), household aid (AOR = 1.339, 95%CI: [1.089, 1.648]), drought-affected (AOR = 0.640, 95%CI: [0.507, 0.808]), nonagricultural business (AOR = 0.655, 95%CI: [0.472, 0.908]), dependency ratio from 50 to 75% (AOR = 0.680, 95%CI: [0.534, 0.867]), having 6 to 10 livestock (AOR = 0.644, 95%CI: [0.496, 0.836]), and more than 10 livestock (AOR = 0.362, 95% CI: [0.284, 0.461]) were found to be significantly associated with the household’s food insecurity at 5% level of significance. Conclusion. The household head’s age from 30 to 64, being literate, drought-affected, having nonagricultural business, dependency ratio from 50 to 75%, and owning more than 10 livestock have been negatively affecting food insecurity. While supporting households, a “widowed, divorced, or separated” household head has had a positive effect on food insecurity in rural Ethiopia positively influencing food insecurity in rural Ethiopia. Policymakers need to pay special attention to very young and old-aged household heads, adult education, household self-help, livestock improvement, and entrepreneurship while implementing poverty reduction programs.
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DOI: 10.1155/2022/3569950
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