Heat Transfer Performance of Al₂O₃/H₂O Nanofluid Natural Convection by using LBM

Abstract

The heat transmission performance of $\mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3} / \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ nanofluid in natural convective inside an enclosure with an active thermal source placed in the bottom wall is examined numerically by employing lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The statistics focused specially on the influences of different key factors, the concentration of nanoparticles $\varphi$ from 0 to $6 \%$ and Rayleigh number ($\mathrm{Ra}=10^{3}-10^{5}$), and length of hot source $\delta$. The principal purpose of this current examination is to explore and examine the influence of pertinent factors on the nanofluid flow and convective heat transmission enhancement. The findings showed that the streamlines, isotherms lines, velocity maps and average Nusselt numbers had different patterns at different $\varphi$, $R a$, and the length of thermal source $\delta$ values. The natural convection increases as the solid nanoparticle’s concentration $\varphi$ and Rayleigh number Ra rise. Also, the outcomes reveal that the average Nusselt number $N u_{\text {avg }}$ enhances as $\varphi, R a$, and $\delta$ values elevate, so, the heat transmission performance enhances. At the same time, a rise in the length of the heated source reflects enhanced heat transmission. The obtained numerical results agree well with previous results.