Head and Neck Plasmacytoma With Diffuse Amyloid Deposition: A Case Report

Abstract

A variety of carcinogenic agents and the innovation of diagnostic methods have a huge impact on the biological profile of numerous tumors over time which reflect in their diagnosis and behavior. The ability to predict the tumors' behavior, mainly the malignant ones, and develop personalized therapy could change the lifestyle of the patients. The unpredictable histopathologic profile of plasmacytoma, for example, and its linked clinical behavior suggest that the fluctuations are linked to its behavior and prognosis as well. We introduce in this case a unique type of plasmacytoma with valuable clinical data and follow-up that may support literature with conspicuous documented cases of this malignant tumor. Indeed, this entity has obvious invasive and destructive features and yet a good prognosis. A good understanding of this malignancy will extremely enhance the long-term healing of the patients. This paper presents a destructive plasmacytoma with peculiar histopathologic features and yet has a good prognosis during our follow-up. We observed a multinodular mass in the right mandible extending above the sternocleidomastoid muscle in a 58-year-old female patient who was referred to the oral and maxillofacial department in the faculty. After half-mandible excision and right neck resection, the lesion was diagnosed as a plasmacytoma with amyloid deposition, and the patient was referred to an oncologist. And the patient is still under follow-up without any recurrence. Despite the low risk of extramedullary plasmacytoma progressing into multiple myeloma, the clinical management is still a challenge because of the potential for recurrence. Understanding the behavior of this tumor and its management strategies is crucial to obtain the best prognosis for the patients.