Gender and Geography of the Perception and Consumption Patterns of Indigenous Fruits and Vegetables in Ghana

Abstract

Indigenous fruits and vegetables (IFVs) are vital for enhancing dietary diversity and addressing nutritional deficiencies in developing countries. However, despite their nutritional importance, IFVs remain underutilized in many communities across Ghana, with consumption patterns shaped by complex gender and geographic disparities that are poorly understood. This study explores gender and spatial dynamics of IFV perception and consumption patterns in Ghana. Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of 489 randomly selected IFV consumers across all sixteen administrative regions. Descriptive statistics and Poisson regression analysis were used to determine the factors influencing IFV consumption intensity. The findings reveal significant regional variations, with southern Ghana exhibiting higher IFV consumption compared to northern Ghana. Okra, kontomire (cocoyam leaf), and garden egg were the most frequently consumed IFVs. Women consistently consumed more IFVs than men, reflecting gender-based dietary preferences. Key determinants of IFV consumption intensity included age, education level, household size, and geographical location. The study underscores the importance of integrating gender and spatial considerations in policy interventions to promote IFV consumption. These insights offer valuable guidance for developing targeted strategies to improve dietary diversity, food security, and nutrition in Ghana, while addressing the broader challenges of nutritional deficiencies and sustainable food systems.