article · Clinical Kidney Journal
High-risk APOL1 genotypes are linked to kidney disease in the population of Kinshasa. In this group, the G2/G2 genetic variant was absent, a pattern that may reflect strong selective sweeps driven by historical or current Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infection. Conversely, the presence of the G2/G2 genotype among people of African ancestry living in the United States may suggest a relaxation of this natural selection pressure in an environment where trypanosome parasites are not present.
Understanding how genetic factors and infectious diseases interact helps explain regional variations in kidney disease risk. Recognising these distinct genetic profiles is important for comprehending the biological drivers of kidney conditions in Central African populations compared to diaspora groups.
The abstract does not indicate an application pathway, as it reports basic genetic and evolutionary findings without describing diagnostic development, potential users, or a commercial implementation route.
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The results of this study demonstrate the association of high-risk <i>APOL1</i> genotypes with kidney disease in Kinshasa. The absence of G2/G2 may be consistent with powerful selective sweeps induced by <i>Trypanosoma brucei gambiense</i> infection. In contrast, the presence of <i>APOL1</i> G2/G2 among individuals of African ancestry in the USA may indicate relaxation of natural selection in a trypanosome-free environment.
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DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfy073
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