Functional and Radiological Outcomes of a Newly Introduced Modified Manual Cementation Technique Versus Second-Generation Technique in Primary Cemented Hip Arthroplasty

Abstract

Abstract Background: Hip arthroplasty is one of the most common reconstructive procedures done in adults. [1] The main purpose of this surgery is to eliminate pain, regain full extent of joint motion, maintaining hip stability, and improve the quality of life for patients. Objectives: This work aims to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of two techniques; the second-generation cementation technique and a newly introduced modification of the manual technique in primary cemented hip arthroplasty. Patients and Methods: This prospective, randomized clinical trial included 44 patients. Patients were allocated into two equal groups: the case Group A; who had primary hip arthroplasty operation with the modified manual cementation technique and the control Group B; who had arthroplasty using the second generation cementation technique. The average follow-up period was about 12 months after the operation. Operation time, intraoperative parameters, postoperative clinical and radiological outcomes, and complications were compared between the two groups. Results: The operation duration was significantly longer in Group B (123.4 ± 9.0 vs. 107.5 ± 15.2, P = 0.001). No intraoperative complications were found among 77% while 13.6% showed allergic reaction to cementation 72% of them are in Group B, 6.8% needed blood transfusion, and 2.3% had pulmonary embolism on cementation. No significant difference between the two studied groups regarding postoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, [2] barrack grading, [3] complications and Harris hip score [4] at 3 months, 9 months, and 12 months was noted. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study concluded that Group A the newly introduced modified manual cementation technique might provide a cheaper and effective alternative to Group B the second-generation technique, with relatively less intraoperative complications and almost no difference in postoperative VAS, Harris hip score, and radiological outcomes over a period of 1-year follow-up.