article · International Journal of Pharmaceutics X
Silver nanoparticles were synthesised using a green method based on quinoa seed extract and loaded with the antibiotic azithromycin. Characterisation demonstrated an average nanoparticle size of 34.7 nanometres after drug loading, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 162.73 milligrams per gram. In laboratory tests against Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, the formulation showed enhanced antibacterial activity, producing larger zones of inhibition and lower minimum inhibitory concentrations than control treatments. When evaluated in an infected rat model, treatment with the formulation led to improved wound healing, decreased bacterial counts, and superior epithelialisation. These results confirm the successful green synthesis of the formulation and its potential therapeutic efficacy in treating infected wounds.
Bacterial infections in wounds present substantial healthcare challenges and hinder natural tissue repair. Combining conventional antibiotics with green-synthesised silver nanoparticles provides a dual-action mechanism to suppress resilient pathogens such as MRSA while promoting faster recovery. This approach demonstrates how sustainable nanotechnology can assist in creating more potent treatments for difficult wound infections.
The technology could enable topical wound-healing formulations for clinicians and wound-care specialists managing infected lesions. Having been evaluated in vitro and within an infected rat model, this research sits at an applied preclinical stage. Translation to industry will require further clinical safety and efficacy trials, alongside the development of scalable manufacturing processes for medical use.
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Infected wounds pose a significant challenge in healthcare, requiring innovative therapeutic strategies. Therefore, there is a critical need for innovative pharmaceutical materials to improve wound healing and combat bacterial growth. This study examined the efficacy of azithromycin-loaded silver nanoparticles (AZM-AgNPs) in treating infected wounds. AgNPs synthesized using a green method with Quinoa seed extract were loaded with AZM. Characterization techniques, including X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Uv-Vis analysis were utilized. The agar diffusion assay and determination of the MIC were used to assess the initial antibacterial impact of the formulations on both MRSA and E. coli. In addition, the antimicrobial, wound-healing effects and histological changes following treatment with the AZM-AgNPs were assessed using an infected rat model. The nanoparticles had size of 24.9 ± 15.2 nm for AgNPs and 34.7 ± 9.7 nm for AZM-AgNPs. The Langmuir model accurately characterized the adsorption of AZM onto the AgNP surface, indicating a maximum loading capacity of 162.73 mg/g. AZM-AgNPs exhibited superior antibacterial properties in vivo and in vitro compared to controls. Using the agar diffusion technique, AZM-AgNPs showed enhanced zones of inhibition against E. coli and MRSA, which was coupled with decreased MIC levels. In addition, in vivo studies showed that AZM-AgNP treated rats had the best outcome characterized by improved healing process, lower bacterial counts and superior epithelialization, compared to the control group. In conclusion, AZM-AgNPs can be synthesized using a green method with Quinoa seed with successful loading of azithromycin onto silver nanoparticles. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest the promising use of AZM-AgNPs as an effective therapeutic agent for infected wounds.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100245
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