article · Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
Sustainable agriculture plays an essential role in achieving food security and protecting natural biodiversity on a global scale. Meeting these goals requires the careful conservation of soil and water resources alongside the efficient use of organic and mineral fertilisers. Enhancing agro-technologies, particularly through improved methods of applying agrochemicals directly to plant leaves, represents a key pathway towards agricultural sustainability. Foliar application provides targeted nutrition and enables the biofortification of staple food crops. Its overall effectiveness depends on proper application timing as well as internal, external, and environmental factors. Furthermore, advancing these approaches encompasses emerging techniques such as nano-foliar nutrition, which can influence both the nutritional value and the postharvest quality of harvested crops.
Food security and environmental preservation require more precise methods for nourishing crops without degrading soil and water resources. Reviewing foliar nutrient delivery and biofortification helps identify how targeted leaf applications improve staple crop quality. Understanding these mechanisms, alongside modern innovations such as nano-foliar nutrition, supports the development of farming practices that protect natural ecosystems while enhancing human nutrition.
The review addresses applications in agricultural input delivery, particularly fertiliser formulation and leaf-applied nutrient sprays for staple crop growers and agrotechnology developers. The focus on application timing, environmental factors, and nano-foliar nutrition indicates relevant concepts for input manufacturers seeking to improve crop quality and postharvest shelf life. However, because this work presents a literature review, specific commercial formulations or ready-to-use products are not detailed, pointing to an early-stage advisory level of readiness.
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It is well known that, sustainable agriculture is an important part of sustainable development. This sustainable agriculture should lead to achieve food security and maintain the biodiversity of natural ecosystems. Sustainable agriculture also should have definitely a global perspective. The conservation of both soil and water resources, therefore, is considered an essential prerequisite as well as the efficient use of mineral and organic fertilizers. This could be achieved by improving agro-technology and better understanding of the essential processes in soils. Foliar application of agrochemicals including fertilizers should be improved seeking for the sustainability of agriculture. The present review will focus on the effects of foliar application of nutrients for plant nutrition and its biofortification. Proper timing of foliar application, endo-, exogenous and environmental factors affecting foliar nutrition, influence of mineral fertilizer nutritional quality of staple food crops and finally nano-foliar nutrition as well as postharvest quality of crops will be also highlighted.
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DOI: 10.21608/jenvbs.2017.1089.1006
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