Fight against the Resistance of Salmonella Spp. to Antibiotics: Case of the use of Plant Extracts from the Ivorian Pharmacopea

Abstract

The importance of the emergence of antimicrobial resistance has led to the search for alternative solutions, including phytotherapy. The aim of this study is to find plants from the Ivorian pharmacopoeia with antibacterial powers on Salmonella spp. strains, with a view to their use in the fight against salmonellosis. The antibacterial activity of the aqueous and ethanolic (70%) extracts of the identified plants was carried out In vitro on 3 strains of Salmonella (multi) resistant, of avian and human origin, by the method of diffusion in agar medium. The minimal inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal (MBC) concentrations were determined by macro dilution and inoculation methods on solid medium. The results obtained show that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Mallotus oppositifolius and Kalanchoe crenata, and the ethanolic extract of Heterotis rotundifolia, have the best antimicrobial activities, with inhibition zone diameters ranging from 12±1 mm to 31±1 mm, MICs between 6.25 mg/mL and 50 mg/mL and MBCs ≥ 25 mg/mL. In view of these results, these plants could constitute an alternative to the use of antibiotics for the control of salmonellosis.